Bad breath, scientifically known as halitosis, is an embarrassing and frustrating issue many people deal with. While most assume it comes solely from poor oral hygiene,  many other surprising causes could contribute to it. If you’ve tried brushing, flossing, and rinsing without much success, it’s time to look deeper. Here are five unexpected causes of bad breath you might not know about—and tips to address them.

1. Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

Saliva is critical in keeping your mouth clean by washing away food particles and neutralizing bacteria. When your mouth is dry, bacteria thrive, leading to foul odors.

What causes dry mouth?

• Not drinking enough water.

• Mouth breathing, especially during sleep.

• Certain medications (e.g., antihistamines, antidepressants).

• Medical conditions like Sjogren’s syndrome.

How to fix it:
Stay hydrated throughout the day, chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production, and consult your dentist for saliva substitutes if needed.

2. High-Protein and Low-Carb Diets

Are you following a high-protein or keto diet? These popular eating plans might help you lose weight but can also cause bad breath.

Here’s why:

• Too much protein can produce ammonia during digestion, which enters your bloodstream and affects your breath.

• Low-carb diets trigger ketosis, a metabolic state that produces ketones. These compounds give off a fruity but unpleasant odor that lingers in your mouth.

How to fix it:
Balance your diet with healthy carbs and stay hydrated to reduce the odor. Chewing minty, sugar-free gum can also mask the smell temporarily.

3. Digestive Problems

Your gut health has a more significant impact on your breath than you might realize. Conditions like acid reflux (GERD) or indigestion can cause stomach acids and gases to travel up into your esophagus, creating a sour or metallic smell.

Other digestive issues linked to bad breath:

• H. pylori infection: A bacteria found in the stomach that’s also linked to ulcers.

• Constipation: Digestive stagnation can lead to toxins in the bloodstream, affecting breath.

How to fix it:
Eat a balanced diet rich in fiber to support digestion. If you suspect acid reflux, avoid spicy, acidic, and fatty foods. Speak to a doctor if the problem persists.

4. Tonsil Stones

Tiny, smelly stones in your tonsils? Yes, it’s a real thing! Tonsil stones form when food particles, bacteria, and mucus get trapped in the crevices of your tonsils. Over time, they harden and release foul odors.

Signs you might have tonsil stones:

• A persistent bad taste in your mouth.

• Small, white lumps at the back of your throat.

• Trouble swallowing or throat irritation.

How to fix it:
Gargle with warm salt water to dislodge small stones and reduce bacteria buildup. For recurring tonsil stones, consult an ENT specialist for professional removal or treatment options.

5. Medications

Certain medications can cause dry mouth as a side effect, which we already know is a major cause of bad breath. However, some drugs break down in your body and release chemicals into your bloodstream that can make their way into your breath.

Common medications that contribute to bad breath include:

• Antihistamines

• Diuretics

• Antidepressants

• Nitrates (used for heart conditions)

How to fix it:
Talk to your doctor about possible alternatives or solutions if your medication is affecting your breath. In the meantime, stay hydrated and practice diligent oral hygiene.

Final Thoughts

Bad breath can be caused by more than just poor brushing habits. From dry mouth to diet and even medical issues, it’s important to identify the root cause to solve the problem effectively. By taking care of your oral hygiene, staying hydrated, and addressing any underlying conditions, you can keep bad breath at bay and feel confident in your day-to-day interactions.

If persistent bad breath continues, it’s a good idea to consult your dentist or doctor for a thorough evaluation. Fresh breath is achievable, and the right steps can make all the difference!